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 您是否考虑过将数据存储在数组中，并根据需要从rand提取？ 
 
friends = ["Joe", "Sam", "Tom"]
ary =[(1..5), (6..10), (11..20)]
year = (1..3)
friends.each do |friend|
  year.each do |yr|
    p "#{friend} at the end of year #{yr} wrote #{rand(ary[yr - 1])} essays"
  end
end
 
 这会产生，例如： 
 
"Joe at the end of year 1 wrote 5 essays"
"Joe at the end of year 2 wrote 7 essays"
"Joe at the end of year 3 wrote 16 essays"
"Sam at the end of year 1 wrote 3 essays"
"Sam at the end of year 2 wrote 7 essays"
"Sam at the end of year 3 wrote 18 essays"
"Tom at the end of year 1 wrote 2 essays"
"Tom at the end of year 2 wrote 8 essays"
"Tom at the end of year 3 wrote 15 essays"

Have you considered storing the ranges in an array, and drawing from rand on demand?
 
friends = ["Joe", "Sam", "Tom"]
ary =[(1..5), (6..10), (11..20)]
year = (1..3)
friends.each do |friend|
  year.each do |yr|
    p "#{friend} at the end of year #{yr} wrote #{rand(ary[yr - 1])} essays"
  end
end
 
This produces, for example:
 
"Joe at the end of year 1 wrote 5 essays"
"Joe at the end of year 2 wrote 7 essays"
"Joe at the end of year 3 wrote 16 essays"
"Sam at the end of year 1 wrote 3 essays"
"Sam at the end of year 2 wrote 7 essays"
"Sam at the end of year 3 wrote 18 essays"
"Tom at the end of year 1 wrote 2 essays"
"Tom at the end of year 2 wrote 8 essays"
"Tom at the end of year 3 wrote 15 essays"